奧瑪國際翻譯社

研究論文翻譯

 

學術論文是科學或者社會研究工作者在學術書籍或學術期刊上刊登的呈現自己研究成果的文章。學術論文往往強調原創性的工作總結，但當然也可以是對前人工作總結的回顧及做出評價，後者也往往被稱為綜述性文章（Review）。學術論文的出版正在經歷著重大變化，出現了從傳統的印刷版到網絡上電子格式的興起。

 

論文就是用來進行科學研究和描述科研成果的文章，簡稱之為論文。它既是探討問題進行科學研究的一種手段，又是描述科研成果進行學術交流的一種工具。它包括學年論文、畢業論文、學位論文、科技論文、成果論文等，總稱為論文。 學術論文的結構不拘一格，應依照內容和作者個性選取最合適的行文方案。但是社會和自然科學領域的論文多採用以下結構。

 

Technical Research Report Translation

 

A thesis or dissertation is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings. In some contexts, the word "thesis" or a cognate is used for part of a bachelor's ormaster's course, while "dissertation" is normally applied to a doctorate, while in other contexts, the reverse is true. The termgraduate thesis is sometimes used to refer to both master's theses and doctoral dissertations. Dissertations and theses may be considered to be grey literature.

 

The required complexity and/or quality of research of a thesis or dissertation can vary by country, university and/or program, therefore, the required minimum study period may vary significantly in duration.

 

The word dissertation can at times be used to describe a treatise without relation to obtaining an academic degree. The term thesis is also used to refer to the general claim of an essay or similar work.

 

A thesis (or dissertation) may be arranged as a thesis by publication or a monograph, with or without appended papers respectively. An ordinary monograph has a title page, an abstract, a table of contents, comprising the various chapters (introduction, literature review, findings, etc.), and a bibliography or (more usually) a references section. They differ in their structure in accordance with the many different areas of study (arts, humanities, social sciences, technology, sciences, etc.) and the minimal differences between them. In a thesis by publication, the chapters constitute an introductory and comprehensive review of the appended published and unpublished article documents.

 

Dissertations normally report on a research project or study, or an extended analysis of a topic. The structure of the thesis or dissertation explains the purpose, the previous research literature which impinges on the topic of the study, the methods used and the findings of the project. Most world universities use a multiple chapter format : a) an introduction, which introduces the research topic, the methodology, as well as its scope and significance; b) a literature review, reviewing relevant literature and showing how this has informed the research issue; c) a methodology chapter, explaining how the research has been designed and why the research methods/population/data collection and analysis being used have been chosen; d) a findings chapter, outlining the findings of the research itself; e) an analysis and discussion chapter, analysing the findings and discussing them in the context of the literature review (this chapter is often divided into two—analysis and discussion); f) a conclusion.